Baru tree ideotypes for production systems
Abstract
The Dipteryx alata domestication is still in its early stages, characterized by instability in fruit production, absence of proper management practices, and lack of selected cultivars. This study aimed to define D. alata ideotypes for two cultivation systems, based on the perception and preferences of wild harvesters and farmers, as well as on documented phenotypic variability. A questionnaire was administered to wild harvesters and producers of the Goiás state, Brazil (n = 62 valid respondents), and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results revealed a strong preference for trees with open canopies (80.7 %), large and rounded fruits (87.1 %), and large nuts (61.3 %). The first ideotype, tailored for pure or intercropped systems, is characterized by a short-to-intermediate stature and a compact canopy architecture. The second, designed for silvopastoral systems, features an intermediate-to-tall stature and open canopy architecture. The proposed ideotypes integrate productive and morpho-agronomic attributes, providing a preliminary conceptual and quantitative framework for plant breeding and contributing to the sustainable use and conservation of natural baru populations in the Brazilian Savanna.
KEYWORDS: Dipteryx alata, Brazilian Savanna, plant breeding.
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