Shear locking in Timoshenko beam finite elements
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5216/reec.v21i1.80417Keywords:
Beam, Timoshenko, Shear locking, Finite elements, Reduced integrationAbstract
Beam elements are structural elements that present bending and shear forces. Since the strain energy due to shear forces is small when compared to the strain energy due to bending, it is common to disregard it in case analyses of usual structures. However, beams with high height/length ratio, the portion of the energy due to the shear force starts to have a relevant effect and cannot be neglected. In this context, the present work seeks to explore beam finite element formulations based on the Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko theories. It is shown that the finite elements formulated from the Timoshenko theory present a numerical locking problem that occurs in the deformation energy portion of the shear force, called Shear Locking in the literature. To overcome this problem, three proposals are described in this work, namely: use of selective reduced integration, Assumed Shear Force Deformation Field (ASCDF) and the formulation presented by Gere and Weaver (GW). The results analysed were the displacements, bending moments and shear forces for a fixed beam with a concentrated load at its end. It was possible to conclude that the shear force locking is solved by the mentioned procedures, however the convergence rate for each formulation occurs differently.
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